A solution of 'gulab sharbat' has 15% sugar. Another solution has 5% sugar. How many liters of the second solution must be added to 20 liters of the first solution to make a solution of 10% sugar?

5 L
15 L
25 L
20 L

Correct answer: 20 L

Solution

In 20 liters of 15% solution, sugar = 3 liters. Let x liters of 5% solution be added; then total sugar becomes 3 + 0.05x and total volume becomes 20 + x. Since the final concentration is 10%, we get (3 + 0.05x)/(20 + x) = 0.10, which gives x = 20 liters.

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