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In a B+ tree, the requirement of at least half-full (50%) node occupancy is relaxed for which one of the following cases?

1. Only the root node
2. All leaf nodes
3. All internal nodes
4. Only the leftmost leaf node

Correct answer: Only the root node

Solution

The root node of a B+ tree can have fewer than half of its maximum capacity, allowing it to have just one key when the tree is small or when it is being initialized. This flexibility is essential for maintaining the tree's structure during insertions and deletions.

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