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Which option accurately describes the development of Indian classical music traditions?

1. Jatis developed from ragas according to early scriptures
2. The 72-mela system originated with Bharata in the 13th century
3. Folk traditions initially relied on mela and grama scales
4. Ragas derived from jatis, with the 72-mela system by Venkatamakhi

Correct answer: Ragas derived from jatis, with the 72-mela system by Venkatamakhi

Solution

In the evolution of Indian classical music, jatis preceded ragas, and the 72-mela system was formalized by Venkatamakhi. The other options reverse the chronology or attribute the system to the wrong person.

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