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Assertion (A): India’s literacy rate has increased since 2001. Reason (R): Expansion of primary education programmes improved enrollment. Which of the following is correct?

1. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
3. A is true, but R is false
4. A is false, but R is true

Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A

Solution

India’s literacy rate has generally risen since 2001, so the assertion is true. Expansion of primary education programmes increases enrollment and retention, which contributes to higher literacy, so the reason is also true and explains the assertion.

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