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Assertion (A): Iron and steel qualifies as a heavy industry. Reason (R): It uses lightweight inputs such as cotton and rubber.

1. Both true, R explains A
2. Both true, R does not explain A
3. A true, R false
4. A false, R true

Correct answer: A true, R false

Solution

Iron and steel is a heavy industry because it uses bulky raw materials and produces heavy output. The reason is false because cotton and rubber are not its main inputs.

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