SSC CGL (Prelims) General: Cell Biology questions with solutions

Q1. What is the primary function of ribosomes?

1. Energy production
2. Protein synthesis
3. Lipid storage
4. DNA repair

Answer: Protein synthesis

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in cells. They translate mRNA into polypeptide chains by joining amino acids in the correct sequence.

Q2. Lysosomes primarily function in cells to:

1. Synthesize proteins
2. Perform intracellular digestion
3. Generate energy
4. Store genetic data

Answer: Perform intracellular digestion

Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest cellular waste, foreign particles, and worn-out organelles. Their main role is intracellular digestion. Hence, the correct answer is perform intracellular digestion.

Q3. What is the main role of ribosomes within a cell?

1. Producing energy
2. Synthesising proteins
3. Storing lipids
4. Repairing DNA

Answer: Synthesising proteins

Ribosomes are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis. They read mRNA and help assemble amino acids into polypeptides.