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The relations amongst the three elements of earth’s magnetic field, namely horizontal component H, vertical component V and dip δ are, (Bₑ = total magnetic field):

1. V = Bₑ, H = Bₑ tanδ
2. V = Bₑ tanδ, H = Bₑ
3. V = Bₑ sinδ, H = Bₑ cosδ
4. V = Bₑ cosδ, H = Bₑ sinδ

Correct answer: V = Bₑ sinδ, H = Bₑ cosδ

Solution

The vertical component (V) and horizontal component (H) of Earth's magnetic field are related to the total magnetic field (Bₑ) and the angle of dip (δ) as V = Bₑ sinδ and H = Bₑ cosδ, based on trigonometric resolution of the magnetic field vector.

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