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A simple pendulum is suspended from the roof of a trolley which moves in a horizontal direction with an acceleration a, then the time period is given by T = 2π√(l / g'), where g' is equal to

1. g
2. g − a
3. g + a
4. √(g² + a²)

Correct answer: √(g² + a²)

Solution

When the trolley accelerates horizontally with acceleration 'a', the effective acceleration acting on the pendulum is the resultant of gravitational acceleration 'g' and the horizontal acceleration 'a'. This results in g' = √(g² + a²).

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