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Two simple harmonic motions with the same frequency act on a particle at right angles i.e., along x and y axis. If the two amplitudes are equal and the phase difference is π/2, the resultant motion will be

1. a circle
2. an ellipse with the major axis along y-axis
3. an ellipse with the major axis along x-axis
4. a straight line inclined at 45° to the x-axis

Correct answer: a circle

Solution

When two SHMs of equal amplitude and the same frequency act at right angles with a phase difference of π/2, the resultant motion is circular. This is because the x and y components are in perfect quadrature, leading to uniform circular motion.

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