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A 220 volts input is supplied to a transformer. The output circuit draws a current of 2.0 ampere at 440 volts. If the efficiency of the transformer is 80%, the current drawn by the primary windings of the transformer is

1. 3.6 ampere
2. 2.8 ampere
3. 2.5 ampere
4. 5.0 ampere

Correct answer: 3.6 ampere

Solution

The power output of the transformer is P_out = V_out × I_out = 440 × 2 = 880 W. Since the efficiency is 80%, the input power is P_in = P_out / efficiency = 880 / 0.8 = 1100 W. The current drawn by the primary winding is I_in = P_in / V_in = 1100 / 220 = 5 A.

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