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If Q, E and W denote respectively the heat added, change in internal energy and the work done in a closed cyclic process, then:

1. W = 0
2. Q = W = 0
3. E = 0
4. Q = 0

Correct answer: E = 0

Solution

In a closed cyclic process, the system returns to its initial state, so the change in internal energy (E) is zero because internal energy is a state function and depends only on the state of the system.

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