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If Q₁, Q₂, Q₃ indicate the heat absorbed by the gas along the three processes and ΔU₁, ΔU₂, ΔU₃ indicate the change in internal energy along the three processes respectively, then

1. Q₁ > Q₂ > Q₃ and ΔU₁ = ΔU₂ = ΔU₃
2. Q₃ > Q₂ > Q₁ and ΔU₁ = ΔU₂ = ΔU₃
3. Q₁ = Q₂ = Q₃ and ΔU₁ > ΔU₂ > ΔU₃
4. Q₃ > Q₂ > Q₁ and ΔU₁ > ΔU₂ > ΔU₃

Correct answer: Q₃ > Q₂ > Q₁ and ΔU₁ = ΔU₂ = ΔU₃

Solution

The first law of thermodynamics states that ΔU = Q - W. If the processes are such that the work done varies but the internal energy change remains constant (ΔU₁ = ΔU₂ = ΔU₃), the heat absorbed (Q) will depend on the work done. Thus, Q₃ > Q₂ > Q₁ aligns with this scenario.

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