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A lossless transformer has 500 turns on its primary winding and 2500 turns on its secondary winding. The secondary meter indicates 200 V at 8 A under these conditions. The voltage and current in the primary are

1. 100 V, 16 A
2. 40 V, 40 A
3. 160 V, 10 A
4. 80 V, 20 A

Correct answer: 40 V, 40 A

Solution

In an ideal transformer, voltage is proportional to the number of turns. Here, V_p/V_s = 500/2500 = 1/5 , so V_p = 200/5 = 40 V . Since power is conserved, V_p I_p = V_s I_s = 200 d7 8 = 1600 W , giving I_p = 1600/40 = 40 A .

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