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A ball is thrown from rear end of the compartment of train to the front end which is moving at a constant horizontal velocity. An observer \( \boldsymbol{A} \) sitting in compartment and another observer \( B \) standing on the ground draw the trajectory. They will have

1. equal horizontal and equal vertical ranges.
2. equal vertical ranges but different horizontal ranges
3. different vertical ranges but equal horizontal ranges
4. different vertical ranges and different horizontal ranges

Correct answer: equal vertical ranges but different horizontal ranges

Solution

Both observers measure the same vertical motion because gravity is unchanged and the train’s horizontal motion does not affect vertical acceleration. Their horizontal ranges differ because observer B sees the ball’s horizontal velocity as the sum of the throw and the train’s motion, while observer A does not.

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