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When an electromagnetic wave transitions from air into a glass medium with refractive index μ, which of the following correctly describes the changes in its properties?

1. The frequency stays constant at n, the wavelength becomes λ' = λ/μ, and the speed changes to v' = v/μ.
2. The frequency stays constant at n, the wavelength becomes λ' = λμ, and the speed changes to v' = vμ.
3. The frequency stays constant at n, the wavelength becomes λ' = λμ, and the speed changes to v' = v/μ.
4. The frequency stays constant at n, the wavelength becomes λ' = λ/μ, and the speed changes to v' = vμ.

Correct answer: The frequency stays constant at n, the wavelength becomes λ' = λ/μ, and the speed changes to v' = v/μ.

Solution

When an electromagnetic wave enters a medium with refractive index μ, its frequency remains constant, while its wavelength and velocity decrease. The wavelength becomes λ' = λ/μ, and the velocity becomes v' = v/μ.

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