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Unpolarised light is incident from air on a plane surface of a material of refractive index 'μ'. At a particular angle of incidence 'i', it is found that the reflected and refracted rays are perpendicular to each other. Which of the following options is correct for this situation?

1. Reflected light is polarised with its electric vector parallel to the plane of incidence
2. Reflected light is polarised with its electric vector perpendicular to the plane of incidence
3. i = tan⁻¹(1/μ)
4. i = sin⁻¹(1/μ)

Correct answer: Reflected light is polarised with its electric vector perpendicular to the plane of incidence

Solution

When the reflected and refracted rays are perpendicular to each other, the angle of incidence is the Brewster's angle. At this angle, the reflected light is completely polarised with its electric vector perpendicular to the plane of incidence.

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