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Consider the four statements below concerning limiting reactants in chemical systems. Identify the one that correctly describes the role of the limiting reactant.

1. The limiting reactant is the one with the greatest coefficient in the balanced equation
2. The limiting reactant determines the overall order of reaction in the rate law
3. The limiting reactant is the one with the smallest coefficient in the balanced equation
4. The limiting reagent is the reactant that is completely used up in a reaction,

Correct answer: The limiting reagent is the reactant that is completely used up in a reaction,

Solution

The limiting reagent is the reactant consumed first, so it runs out before the others and limits how much product can form. The coefficients only give the required mole ratios; they do not by themselves identify the limiting reactant.

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