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Which of the following processes is unsuitable for softening water possessing temporary hardness?

1. Adding calcium hydroxide
2. Filtration
3. Boiling
4. Distillation

Correct answer: Filtration

Solution

Temporary hardness comes from dissolved calcium and magnesium bicarbonates, which are removed by boiling, lime treatment, or distillation. Filtration only removes suspended particles, so it does not soften hard water.

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