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The following reaction occurs in the Blast Furnace where ion ore is reduced to iron metal: \( \boldsymbol{F e}_{2} \boldsymbol{O}_{3}(\boldsymbol{s})+\boldsymbol{3} \boldsymbol{C O}(\boldsymbol{g}) \rightleftharpoons \boldsymbol{2} \boldsymbol{F} \boldsymbol{e}(l)+ \) \( 3 C O(g) \) Using Le Chatelier's principle, predict which of the following will not disturb the equilibrium?

1. Addition of \( F e_{2} O_{3} \)
2. Removal of \( C O_{2} \)
3. Removal of \( \mathrm{CO} \)
4. Addition of \( C O_{2} \)

Correct answer: Removal of \( C O_{2} \)

Solution

In a heterogeneous equilibrium, pure solids and liquids are omitted from the equilibrium expression, so changing their amount does not shift the equilibrium. Removing CO2 does not disturb this reaction because CO2 is not a reactant or product in the given equilibrium as written.

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