\( A l \) has lower ionization potential than that of \( M g \) because:

\( A l \) atom is bigger than \( M g \) atom
\( M g \) atom is bigger than \( A l \) atom
all electrons in \( M g \) are paired, but those of \( A l \) are not
all belongs to a higher group

Correct answer: \( A l \) atom is bigger than \( M g \) atom

Solution

Al has a lower ionization potential because its outer electron is easier to remove than Mg’s. In this comparison, the larger atomic size of Al means the valence electron is farther from the nucleus and less strongly attracted.

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