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The inert pair effect makes Pb(II) more stable compared to Pb(IV), while Sn(IV) is more stable than Sn(II). Pb(IV) readily reduces to Pb(II) and behaves as an oxidizing agent, whereas Sn(II) readily oxidizes to Sn(IV) and acts as a reducing agent.

1. Pb(II) exhibits greater stability than Pb(IV).
2. Sn(IV) demonstrates higher stability than Sn(II).
3. Pb(IV) undergoes reduction to Pb(II) with ease.
4. Sn(II) is readily oxidized to Sn(IV).

Correct answer: Pb(II) exhibits greater stability than Pb(IV).

Solution

The inert pair effect makes Pb(II) more stable than Pb(IV), as the 6s electrons in lead are less likely to participate in bonding. This is a direct statement from the question.

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