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H₃PO₃ is named as hypophosphorous acid. As it contains only one P–OH group, its basicity is one.

1. NH₃ + H₂O → NH₄⁺ + OH⁻
2. P₄O₁₀ + 2H₂O → 4HPO₃
3. H₃PO₄ → H⁺ + H₂PO₄⁻
4. 3H⁺ + PO₄³⁻ → 2H⁺ + HPO₄²⁻

Correct answer: P₄O₁₀ + 2H₂O → 4HPO₃

Solution

The reaction P₄O₁₀ + 2H₂O → 4HPO₃ correctly represents the formation of H₃PO₃ (phosphorous acid), which is often confused with hypophosphorous acid (H₃PO₂). The question's statement about basicity is incorrect for H₃PO₃, as it has two P–OH groups and a basicity of 2.

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