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Which of the following statements is correct for the spontaneous adsorption of a gas?

1. ΔS is negative and, therefore, ΔH should be highly positive
2. ΔS is negative and, therefore, ΔH should be highly negative
3. ΔS is positive and, therefore, ΔH should be negative
4. ΔS is positive and, therefore, ΔH should also be highly positive

Correct answer: ΔS is positive and, therefore, ΔH should be negative

Solution

For spontaneous adsorption, the process is exothermic (ΔH is negative) and randomness decreases at the surface, making ΔS positive. This ensures ΔG = ΔH - TΔS is negative.

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