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The dielectric constant of H2O is 80. The electrostatic force of attraction between Na+ and Cl− will be

1. (a) reduced to 1/40 in water than in air
2. (b) reduced to 1/80 in water than in air
3. (c) will be increased to 80 in water than in air
4. (d) will remain unchanged

Correct answer: (b) reduced to 1/80 in water than in air

Solution

The electrostatic force between two charges is inversely proportional to the dielectric constant of the medium. Since the dielectric constant of water is 80, the force will reduce to 1/80 of its value in air.

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