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Equal moles of hydrogen and oxygen gases are placed in a container with a pin-hole through which both can escape. What fraction of the oxygen escapes in the time required for one-half of the hydrogen to escape?

1. 1/8
2. 1/4
3. 3/8
4. 1/2

Correct answer: 3/8

Solution

The rate of effusion is inversely proportional to the square root of molar mass (Graham's law). Since hydrogen is lighter, it escapes faster. If half of the hydrogen escapes, the fraction of oxygen escaping is proportional to the square root of their molar mass ratio, leading to 3/8 of oxygen escaping.

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