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The ions O2−, F−, Na+, Mg2+ and Al3+ are isoelectronic. Their ionic radii show

1. a decrease from O2− to F− and then increase from Na+ to Al3+
2. a significant increase from O2− to Al3+
3. a significant decrease from O2− to Al3+
4. an increase from O2− to F− and then decrease from Na+ to Al3+

Correct answer: a significant decrease from O2− to Al3+

Solution

The ions O2−, F−, Na+, Mg2+, and Al3+ are isoelectronic, meaning they have the same number of electrons. As the nuclear charge increases from O2− to Al3+, the attraction between the nucleus and the electrons increases, leading to a decrease in ionic radii.

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