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Hardy-Schulze rule explains the effect of electrolytes on the coagulation of colloidal solution. According to this rule, coagulation power of cations follow the order

1. Ba2+ > Na+ > Al3+
2. Al3+ > Na+ > Ba2+
3. Al3+ > Ba2+ > Na+
4. Ba2+ > Al3+ > Na+

Correct answer: Al3+ > Ba2+ > Na+

Solution

The Hardy-Schulze rule states that the coagulation power of ions increases with their charge. Among the given cations, Al3+ has the highest charge, followed by Ba2+ and then Na+, so the correct order is Al3+ > Ba2+ > Na+.

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