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Which electronic configuration of an element has abnormally high difference between second and third ionization energy?

1. 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1
2. 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1, 3p1
3. 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p2
4. 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p3

Correct answer: 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1

Solution

The configuration 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s1 corresponds to an element with a single electron in the 3s orbital. After the removal of the first electron (first ionization energy) and the second electron (second ionization energy), the remaining configuration is 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, which is a stable noble gas configuration (Neon). The third ionization energy will be abnormally high due to the stability of this noble gas configuration.

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