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Which statement accurately describes the regulation of anti-diuretic hormone in response to water intake?

1. When a person consumes excessive water, the kidneys reduce the release of ADH.
2. Anti-diuretic hormone regulates blood pressure by acting on both kidneys and blood vessels, primarily conserving body fluid by decreasing water loss through urine.
3. Urine formation involves filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Approximately 99% of the 180 liters of filtrate produced daily is reabsorbed by renal tubules. The descending limb of the loop of Henle is water-permeable but does not allow electrolytes to pass.
4. The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to water but facilitates the movement of electrolytes.

Correct answer: When a person consumes excessive water, the kidneys reduce the release of ADH.

Solution

Option (a) is correct because drinking a lot of water reduces the need for water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to suppression of ADH release. This helps maintain fluid balance.

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