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In sorghum leaves, palisade parenchyma is missing. This tissue typically consists of elongated cells rich in chloroplasts, arranged with their long axes perpendicular to the leaf surface. It is generally found directly below the upper epidermis of the leaf. Which statement about palisade parenchyma is accurate?

1. The cells in palisade parenchyma are elongated and cylindrical.
2. Adjacent cells resemble the stakes of a fence.
3. Palisade parenchyma cells have three to five times more chloroplasts compared to spongy parenchyma cells.
4. Chloroplasts are positioned close to the cell wall to maximize light absorption.

Correct answer: Chloroplasts are positioned close to the cell wall to maximize light absorption.

Solution

Palisade cells are specialized for photosynthesis, so their chloroplasts are positioned near the cell wall to receive more light efficiently. The other choices describe shape or arrangement, but the key functional feature is chloroplast location.

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