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In dicot roots, the vascular cambium is a secondary meristematic tissue that originates from cells beneath the phloem bundles and part of the pericycle above the protoxylem. What is the role of vascular cambium?

1. The vascular cambium forms secondary xylem on the inner side and secondary phloem on the outer side, separating the primary xylem and phloem.
2. The vascular cambium typically includes two cell types: elongated fusiform initials oriented axially and smaller ray initials with angular or rounded shapes.
3. Growth of the cambium leads to the formation of secondary tissues.
4. Vascular cambium generates secondary xylem inward and secondary phloem outward.

Correct answer: The vascular cambium forms secondary xylem on the inner side and secondary phloem on the outer side, separating the primary xylem and phloem.

Solution

Option A correctly describes the function of vascular cambium in dicot roots, where it produces secondary xylem on the inside and secondary phloem on the outside, leading to the separation of primary xylem and phloem.

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