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The phenomenon of apical dominance refers to the suppression of lateral bud growth due to the presence of the apical bud, which is regulated by auxins. When the shoot tip is removed, lateral buds begin to grow.

1. Auxins are responsible for apical dominance, with Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) being a naturally occurring auxin.
2. Abscisic acid acts as a stress hormone, reducing water loss during desiccation by closing stomata.
3. Cytokinins, such as zeatin found in Zea mays (corn), primarily promote cell division.
4. Thimann and Skoog demonstrated that auxins produced in the apical meristem travel downward and inhibit lateral bud growth, which is why trimming lawns improves their appearance.

Correct answer: Auxins are responsible for apical dominance, with Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) being a naturally occurring auxin.

Solution

Apical dominance is primarily caused by auxins like IAA, which are synthesized in the apical meristem and inhibit the growth of lateral buds. This matches the explanation in option A.

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