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Which process is facilitated by nitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

1. They convert ammonia into nitrite and then nitrite into nitrate.
2. They produce a red pigment called leghaemoglobin in legume root nodules, aiding oxygen transport during nitrogen fixation.
3. They utilize molybdenum, a micronutrient, as part of nitrate reductase for nitrogen fixation.
4. They are anaerobic bacteria like Rhodospirillum, which can perform photosynthesis under oxygen-free conditions.

Correct answer: They convert ammonia into nitrite and then nitrite into nitrate.

Solution

The correct answer is A because nitrifying bacteria, such as Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter, are responsible for converting ammonia to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate during the nitrogen cycle.

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