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Which of the following statements correctly describes the role of nitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

1. Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia into nitrite and further oxidize nitrite into nitrate.
2. Leghaemoglobin is a red pigment found in legume root nodules, functioning as an oxygen carrier during symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
3. Molybdenum is a trace element essential for nitrogen fixation, as it is part of the nitrate reductase enzyme.
4. Rhodospirillum is an anaerobic, free-living bacterium capable of photosynthesis under oxygen-free conditions.

Correct answer: Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia into nitrite and further oxidize nitrite into nitrate.

Solution

The correct answer is A because nitrifying bacteria, such as Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter, are responsible for converting ammonia to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate, respectively. This is a key step in the nitrogen cycle.

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