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Which process is carried out by nitrifying bacteria?

1. They convert ammonia into nitrite and then nitrite into nitrate.
2. Leghaemoglobin, a red pigment found in legume root nodules, acts as an oxygen carrier during symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
3. Molybdenum, a micronutrient, is essential for nitrogen fixation as it is part of the nitrate reductase enzyme.
4. Rhodosprillium is an anaerobic, free-living bacterium capable of photosynthesis under low-oxygen conditions.

Correct answer: They convert ammonia into nitrite and then nitrite into nitrate.

Solution

The correct answer is A because nitrifying bacteria, such as Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter, are responsible for converting ammonia to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate during the nitrogen cycle.

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