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Which statement correctly describes the role of nitrifying bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?

1. Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia into nitrite and then transform nitrite into nitrate.
2. Leghaemoglobin, a red pigment in legume root nodules, acts as an oxygen carrier during symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
3. Molybdenum, a micronutrient, is essential for nitrogen fixation as it is a component of the nitrate reductase enzyme.
4. Rhodosprillium is an anaerobic, free-living nitrogen-fixing bacterium capable of producing food in light under anaerobic conditions.

Correct answer: Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia into nitrite and then transform nitrite into nitrate.

Solution

The correct answer is A because nitrifying bacteria, such as Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter, are responsible for converting ammonia to nitrite and nitrite to nitrate during the nitrogen cycle.

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