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A gene locus has two alleles A, a. If the frequency of dominant allele A is 0.4, then what will be the frequency of homozygous dominant, heterozygous and homozygous recessive individuals in the population?

1. 0.36 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.16 (aa)
2. 0.16 (AA); 0.24 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
3. 0.16 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)
4. 0.16 (Aa); 0.36 (Aa); 0.48 (aa)

Correct answer: 0.16 (AA); 0.48 (Aa); 0.36 (aa)

Solution

Under Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, genotype frequencies are p² for AA, 2pq for Aa, and q² for aa. With p = 0.4 and q = 0.6, these become 0.16, 0.48, and 0.36 respectively.

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