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A test cross, first introduced by Gregor Mendel, is used to determine if an individual exhibiting a dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous for that trait. It takes place between an individual with unknown genotype and recessive parent.

1. A test cross is used to determine if an individual exhibiting a dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous.
2. It takes place between an individual with unknown genotype and recessive parent.
3. A test cross is used to determine the genotype of a recessive individual.
4. A test cross is used to determine the phenotype of an individual.

Correct answer: A test cross is used to determine if an individual exhibiting a dominant trait is homozygous or heterozygous.

Solution

A test cross is specifically used to distinguish whether a dominant phenotype comes from two dominant alleles or one dominant and one recessive allele. The presence or absence of recessive offspring reveals the unknown genotype.

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