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Independent assortment of genes does not take place when

1. genes are located on homologous chromosomes
2. genes are linked and located on same chromosomes
3. genes are located on nonhomologous chromosomes
4. all the above

Correct answer: genes are linked and located on same chromosomes

Solution

Independent assortment applies to genes on different chromosomes or far apart on the same chromosome. When genes are linked on the same chromosome, they usually move together into gametes, so they do not assort independently.

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