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The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure in female mammals that is involved in the production of relatively high levels of progesterone. A marked rise in the figure shows primary follicle, a layer of granulosa cells, surrounds each primary oocyte. A large number of these follicles degenerate during the phase from birth to puberty.

1. (a) The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure in female mammals that is involved in the production of relatively high levels of progesterone.
2. (b) The corpus luteum is a mass of cells that forms in an ovary and is responsible for the production of the hormone progesterone during early pregnancy.
3. (c) The corpus luteum is essential for establishing and maintaining pregnancy in females.
4. (d) The corpus luteum depends on whether or not fertilization occurs.

Correct answer: (c) The corpus luteum is essential for establishing and maintaining pregnancy in females.

Solution

The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which prepares and maintains the endometrium for pregnancy. Without its hormone support, early pregnancy cannot be properly established or sustained.

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