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Cortisol and testosterone are steroid hormones which are lipid soluble and easily pass through the cell membrane of a target cell and bind to specific intracellular receptor.

1. Posterior pituitary releases vasopressin which stimulates reabsorption of water in the distal tubules in nephron.
2. Anterior pituitary secrets growth hormone. Ovary secrets oestrogen hormone. Alpha cells of islets of langerhans secrets glucagon.
3. Myxoedema refers to deposition of mucopolysaccharides in the dermis, which results in swelling of the affected area.
4. Melatonin is a hormone that regulates the 24 hour rhythm of our body such as the sleep-wake cycle etc.

Correct answer: Anterior pituitary secrets growth hormone. Ovary secrets oestrogen hormone. Alpha cells of islets of langerhans secrets glucagon.

Solution

Option B is correct because growth hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary, oestrogen by the ovary, and glucagon by the alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans. The other options contain inaccuracies in hormone source or function.

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