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A person entering an empty room suddenly finds a snake right in front on opening the door. Which one of the following is likely to happen in his neuro-hormonal control system?

1. Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrin and norepinephrin from adrenal medulla.
2. Neurotransmitters diffuse rapidly across the cleft and transmit a nerve impulse.
3. Hypothalamus activates parasympathetic division of brain.
4. Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrin and norepinephrin from adrenal cortex.

Correct answer: Sympathetic nervous system is activated releasing epinephrin and norepinephrin from adrenal medulla.

Solution

Seeing a snake unexpectedly causes acute fear, which activates the sympathetic nervous system. The adrenal medulla then releases epinephrine and norepinephrine to rapidly increase alertness, heart rate, and readiness to escape.

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