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A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates

1. adrenal cortex to release aldosterone.
2. adrenal medulla to release adrenaline.
3. juxta-glomerular cells to release renin.
4. posterior pituitary to release vasopressin.

Correct answer: juxta-glomerular cells to release renin.

Solution

A fall in GFR means reduced renal perfusion/pressure, which is detected by juxtaglomerular cells in the kidney. These cells respond by releasing renin to activate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and help restore blood pressure and filtration.

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