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Photosynthesis in C4 plants is relatively less limited by atmospheric CO2 levels because of:

1. Effective pumping of CO2 into bundle sheath cells.
2. Rubisco in C4 plants has higher affinity for CO2.
3. Four carbon acids are the primary initial CO2 fixation products.
4. The primary fixation of CO2 is mediated via PEP carboxylase.

Correct answer: The primary fixation of CO2 is mediated via PEP carboxylase.

Solution

C4 plants first fix CO2 with PEP carboxylase, an enzyme with high affinity for CO2 and no oxygenase activity. This reduces dependence on atmospheric CO2 and helps concentrate CO2 around Rubisco.

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