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Heartwood differs from sapwood in:

1. presence of rays and fibres
2. absence of vessels and parenchyma
3. having dead and non-conducting elements
4. being susceptible to pests and pathogens

Correct answer: having dead and non-conducting elements

Solution

Heartwood is the older, inner xylem where cells have lost their conducting role and are dead, so it does not transport water. Sapwood remains active in conduction, so the key difference is that heartwood contains dead, non-conducting elements.

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