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Which of the following statements is not true for stomatal apparatus?

1. Inner walls of guard cells are thick
2. Guard cells invariably possess chloroplasts and mitochondria
3. Guard cells are always surrounded by subsidiary cells
4. Stomata are involved in gaseous exchange

Correct answer: Guard cells are always surrounded by subsidiary cells

Solution

Stomata do help in gaseous exchange, and guard cells typically have thick inner walls plus chloroplasts and mitochondria. However, subsidiary cells are not present around every stomatal complex, so that statement is not universally true.

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