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Which one of the following categories of animals, is correctly described with no single exception in it?

1. All sponges are marine and have collared cells.
2. All mammals are viviparous and possess diaphragm for breathing.
3. All bony fishes have four pairs of gills and an operculum on each side.
4. All reptiles possess scales, have a three chambered heart and are cold blooded (poikilothermal).

Correct answer: All bony fishes have four pairs of gills and an operculum on each side.

Solution

Bony fishes are characterized by four pairs of gills covered by an operculum on each side, which is a standard feature of the group. The other choices each contain exceptions: not all sponges are marine, not all mammals are viviparous, and reptiles do not all share the same heart structure.

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