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E. coli is a prokaryotic gram negative bacterium.

1. Sex-factor or F-factor in bacteria results in high frequency conjugation. It allows bacteria to produce sex pili necessary for conjugation.
2. Some of the blue green algae can tolerate extremes of temperature due to presence of gelatinous sheath, and compactness of protein molecules in protoplasm.
3. Only some bacteria and blue green algae (cyanobacteria) have the capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen.
4. Bacteria : Azotobacter, Rhizobium, Frankia etc. Blue green algae : Nostoc, Oscillatoria, Anabaena etc.

Correct answer: Sex-factor or F-factor in bacteria results in high frequency conjugation. It allows bacteria to produce sex pili necessary for conjugation.

Solution

The F-factor (sex factor) is a plasmid that makes bacteria capable of conjugation by forming sex pili. This is why the statement about high-frequency conjugation and pili is correct.

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