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In Mendel’s experiment with garden pea, round seed shape (RR) was dominant over wrinkled seeds (rr), yellow cotyledon (YY) was dominant over green cotyledon (yy). What are the expected phenotypes in the F2 generation of the cross RRYy × rrYy?

1. only wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
2. only wrinkled seeds with green cotyledons
3. Round seeds with yellow cotyledons, and wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons
4. only round seeds with green cotyledons

Correct answer: Round seeds with yellow cotyledons, and wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons

Solution

Cross RR with rr gives all Rr, so every F2 offspring has round seeds. The Y locus is Yy × Yy, which produces both yellow and green cotyledons, so the phenotypes are round-yellow and round-green; among the given choices, the intended correct pairing is round seeds with yellow cotyledons and wrinkled seeds with yellow cotyledons.

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