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Nitrifying bacteria:

1. oxidize ammonia to nitrates
2. convert free nitrogen to nitrogen compounds
3. convert proteins into ammonia
4. reduce nitrates to free nitrogen

Correct answer: oxidize ammonia to nitrates

Solution

Nitrifying bacteria carry out nitrification, which converts ammonia first to nitrite and then to nitrate. This is an oxidation process, not nitrogen fixation, ammonification, or denitrification.

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